Lösung 3.3:3a

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When we complete the square of the second degree expression, \displaystyle z^{2}+2z+3 we start with the squaring rule


\displaystyle \left( z+a \right)^{2}=z^{2}+2az+a^{2}


which we write as


\displaystyle \left( z+a \right)^{2}-a^{2}=z^{2}+2az


and adapt the constant to be \displaystyle a=\text{1 } so that the terms \displaystyle z^{2}+2z are equal to \displaystyle z^{2}+2az,, and therefore can be written as \displaystyle \left( z+1 \right)^{2}-1^{2}. The whole calculation becomes


\displaystyle \underline{z^{2}+2z}+3=\underline{\left( z+1 \right)^{2}-1^{2}}+3=\left( z+1 \right)^{2}+2


The underline terms show the actual completion of the square.